Questions to prepare for classes and examination
• Typical features, types, etiology, and general pathogenesis of hematopoietic cell tumors.
• Leukemia: general characteristics, causes, classification and mechanisms of development.
• Characteristics of leukemic reaction of the peripheral blood; types of leukemic reaction.
• Lymphoid tumors: pathological basis, clinical manifestations, and peripheral blood picture in the acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
• Myeloid tumors: classification, pathological basis, clinical manifestations, and the peripheral blood picture in the acute myeloblastic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia.
• Phenomenon of tumor progression in hematopoietic cell tumors.
N 78
A 62-year-old female patient has been hospitalized with the diagnosis of exacerbation of chronic bronchopneumonia. The patient complains of weakness, dyspnea, fever. On examination: the patient is pale; she has a tint of jaundice in the conjunctiva, and a moderate enlargement of the regional lymph nodes, spleen, and liver. An X-ray examination reveals the signs of right-sided bronchopneumonia, a significant enlargement of the hilar lymph nodes. Complete blood counts with differential shows:
Hb - 80 g/L.
Erythrocytes - 3.0x1012/L. MCH - to be calculated. Reticulocytes - 0.6%. Platelets - 105x109/L. Leukocytes (total) - 36x109/L.
Myelocytes - 0. Metamyelocytes - 0. Band neutrophils - 0.5%. Segmented neutrophils - 6.0%. Basophils - 0. Eosinophils - 0. Lymphoblasts - 1.5%. Lymphocytes - 89.5%. Monocytes - 2.5%.
An increased content of unconjugated bilirubin, and the presence of antiRBC and antiplatelet antibodies are found in the blood.