Lesson 3. Musculoskeletal System. Skull Bones. Cardiovascular System. Grammar: Participle I. Continuous Tenses
Exercise 1. Find the pronunciation of the following words in the dictionary and translate them.
oxygen, musculoskeletal, respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, structure, organic, substance, periosteum, column, cranium, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, curculatory, myocardial, aorta, carbon dioxide, lymph, muscle
Exercise 2. Active vocabulary. Learn the following words.
cartilage - хрящ
connective tissue - соединительная ткань
efficient machine - умный (знающий) механизм
fibrous tissue - фиброзная ткань
inward and outward - внутренний и внешний (наружный)
ligament - связка
lower jaw bone - нижняя челюстная кость
musculoskeletal system - опорно-двигательная система
periousteum - надкостница
protective tissue - защитная ткань
spinal column - позвоночный столб
tendon - сухожилие (связка)
to be composed of - состоять из чего-либо
to be knit together - быть соединенным
to be nourished by - питать что-либо
to be responsible for - отвечать за что-либо
to be supplied with - быть снабженным чем-либо
to be supported by - поддерживать
to consist of - состоять из чего-либо
to convert - превращать
to protect - защищать
to provide - обеспечивать, давать
Exercise 3. Translate the following word combinations before reading the text.
a remarkably complex and efficient machine, digestive food, vital internal organs, much lighter and more flexible, to be held together by a cementlike substance, to transport oxygen, it runs up and down, at the bottom, by contracting in response to nerve signals
Exercise 4. Read and translate the following text into Russian.
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
The human body is a remarkably complex and efficient machine. It takes in and absorbs oxygen through the respiratory system. Then the oxygen-enriched blood is distributed through the cardiovascular system to all tissues. The digestive system converts digestible food to energy and disposes of the rest. The skeletal-muscular system gives form to the body, and covering almost the entire mass is the skin, the largest organ of the body. The science of the structure of this complicated «machine» is called anatomy.